Unit-V Part-VII

1.     What is the method of language teaching wherein the target language is exclusively used to maintain a cultural island in the classroom, grammar is inductively taught and learners are encouraged to make their own generalization about grammar rules?
                      a.  Direct Method                        
                      b. Grammar-Translation Method
                      c.  Communicative Language Teaching         
                      d. Oral Situational Method

2.     Which of these do NOT influence the learning of a language?
                      a.  aptitude             
                      b. motivation         
                      c. attitude          
                      d. physiology of the body

3.     The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was written in the ------ dialect.
                      a.  East Midland        
                      b. Wessex    
                      c. Northumbrian     
                      d. Southern

4.     Which one of these is NOT part of evaluation and assessment?
                      a.     Measuring improvement over time.
                      b. Providing negative comments of performance.
                      c.  Evaluating the teaching methods.     
                      d. Ranking the students' capabilities in relation to a group.

5.     Eliot talks about the ‘historical sense’ in the essay :
                      a.  ‘Tradition and Individual Talent’      
                      b. ‘Metaphysical Poets’
                      c.  ‘What is a Classic?’           
                      d. ‘Ulysses, Order and Myth’

6.      CALL can best be described as :

                 i.          A technological process of second language teaching and learning.

                ii.          Any process in which a learner uses a computer and, as a result, improves his or her language.

               iii.          Implementing materials design, pedagogical theories and modes of instruction through the use of computers.

              iv.          The search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning.

                a.  i, ii, and iii only    

                b. ii, iii and iv only    

                c. i and ii only        

                d. All of the above

7.     An assessment to monitor a student’s learning so as to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning is called as -------
                     a.  Collative evaluation    
                     b. Formative evaluation 
                     c. Summative evaluation       
                     d. Intuitive evaluation

8.     Which of these statements is true regarding L1 influence and Learner Language?

                 i.          Learners’ knowledge of their L1 helps them to learn parts of the L2 that are similar to those of L1.

                ii.          The L1 may interact with learners’ developmental sequences of the L2.

               iii.          L1 does not affect learner at all.

              iv.          Learner learns language totally through classroom interactions.

                a.  i and ii only    

                b. ii and iii only         

                c. iii and iv only        

                d. i and iv only

9.     Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks :

“------- and ------ life was generally chosen, because, in that condition, the essential ----- of the heart find a better soil in which they can attain their maturity, are less under restraint, and speak a plainer and more emphatic language”.

                a.  Ordinary, uneventful, feelings        

                b. Simple, frugal, emotions

                c.  Humble, rustic, passions                    

                d. Modest, every day, sentiments

10.  Identify the false statement from the following as per Aristotle’s Poetics :

a. A tragedy should not deal with the fall of a good man from prosperity to adversity.

b. A tragedy should not show the rise of a bad man from adversity to prosperity.

c. A tragedy should not show the fall of a bad man from prosperity to adversity.

d. Tragedy as a literary genre is inferior to epic.

11.   British English as a language is often referred to by the name of the tribes that settled in England around 449. Identify its name :
                      a.  Romance language                    
                      b. Anglo-Saxon language
                      c. Germanic language                      
                      d. Latinate language

12.   The Charter Act of 1813 allocated a certain sum of money. What was it meant for?
                      a.  Introducing English Education in India      
                      b. Developing regional languages of India
                      c.  Improving infrastructure in India            
                      d. Improving general education in India

13.   Audio-lingual method is associated with :
                      a.  Promoting class-room interaction         
                      b. Promoting task-based learning
                      c.  Promoting class-room repetition          
                      d. Promoting collaborative learning

14.  Communicative language teaching focuses on four competencies – ‘Grammatical’, ‘Sociolinguistic’, ‘Strategic’ and …………
                      a.  Performative         
                      b. Negotiative        
                      c. Discourse          
                      d. Evaluative

15.  Matthew Arnold illustrates the touchstone method without choosing passages from :
                      a.  Homer        
                      b. Dante            
                      c. Shakespeare          
                      d. Sappho

16.  The term ‘lexicography’ is used to denote :
                      a.  Word analysis    
                      b. Lexical geography     
                      c. Dictionary making 
                      d. Word formation

17.   Assonance is the repetition of :
                      a.  Consonant sounds     
                      b. Vowel sounds    
                      c. End rhyme           
                      d. None of the above

18.   One of the major phonetic changes that differentiates Middle English from Early Modern English is :
                      a.  The great consonant shift                
                      b. The vocabulary shift
                      c.  The great vowel shift                     
                      d. Extensive language contact

19.   Audio-lingual method often uses reiteration of a certain grammatical structure in the classroom. The activity is termed as :
                      a.  Backward drill      
                      b. Forward drill 
                      c. Grammar repetition      
                      d. Pattern practice

20.  Coleridge’s idea on ‘Imagination’ contribute a rejection of :
                      a.  British empiricism     
                      b. Transcendentalism          
                      c. British imperialism              
                      d. Radicalism

21.  One of the following thinkers marked a move from the structural method of ELT to a more communicative one. Who was he?
                      a.  Noam Chomsky       
                      b. B.F.Skinner        
                      c. Ivan Pavlov          
                      d. Dell Hymer

22.   A pre-task is a kind of task that is used for :
                      a.  Checking comprehension of a text         
                      b. Activating background knowledge
                      c.  Teaching explicit grammar                 
                      d. Determining overall reading comprehension

23.  The expression “murderous innocence” is an example of :
                      a.  Oxymoron             
                      b. Zeugma          
                      c. Chiasmus         
                      d. Pun

24.  What is a neologism?

a. A word with roots in a native language          

b. A word whose meaning changes with every renewed use

c. A word newly coined or used in a new sense

d. An obsession with new words and phrases

25.  Which one of the following does NOT apply to New Critical Method?
                      a.  It uses the biography of the author            
                      b. It looks for irony and paradox
                      c.  It disregards the context of the text          
                      d. It sees the text as autonomous

26.   ‘Winter kept us warm covering earth in forgetful snow’ is an example of :
                      a.  Pathetic fallacy        
                      b. Transferred epithet       
                      c. Oxymoron         
                      d. Hyperbole

27.   “An extremely simplified form of language used for oral. Verbal contact among a community whose members speak different languages but do not share a common language in order to fulfill the essential needs of communication.” Which of the following is best described by this definition?
                      a.  Creole             
                      b. Pidgin              
                      c. Dialect                   
                      d. Lingua franca

28.  Arrange the following ELT methods and approaches in order in which they appear. Use the code given below :

                 i.          Direct method                                                        ii. The communicative language teaching

               iii.          The grammar translation method                          iv. The silent way

                a.  i, iii, iv, ii             

                b. iii, i, iv, ii             

                c. iii, ii, i, iv             

                d. i, iii, ii, iv

29.  Identify the bilabial plosive consonants :
                      a.  [ p/b ]                
                      b. [ k/g ]                  
                      c. [ t/d ]                     
                      d. [ f/v ]

30.  Who is the French feminist whose account of cultural construction of woman as “Other” became very popular?
                      a.  Julia Mitchell         
                      b. Julia Kristeva        
                      c. Simone de Beauvoir        
                      d. Robin Morgan

31.  Normally if a word ends in ‘-tion’, the stress falls on :
                      a.  Last syllable        
                      b. Last but one syllable        
                      c. Any syllable        
                      d. First syllable

32.   Which sibilant occurs in the following plurals?   book – s pen – s glass – es
                      a.  s / s / is           
                      b. s / z / is             
                      c. s / z / iz                  
                      d. z / s / iz

33.   Who wrote Aspects of the Theory of Syntax?
                      a.  Bloomfield          
                      b. Harris             
                      c. Chomsky                  
                      d. Halliday

34.   Bound forms, -------------, are phonetic forms with constant meaning.
                      a.  Morphemes             
                      b. Lexical items        
                      c. Sentence connectors        
                      d. None of the above

35.  Name the organization founded by Betty Friedan, the writer of The Feminine Mystique :
                      a.  National Organization for Women     
                      b. Equal Opportunity Commission
                      c.  Backlash                      
                      d. Third Wave Organization

36.   ‘Flying planes can be dangerous’ is an oft cited example for :
                      a.  Structural ambiguity  
                      b. Head of noun phrases    
                      c. Resolving contrast       
                      d. I.C. Analysis

37.   In T.G. Grammar ‘the sentence that is embedded into the other’ is known as :
                      a.  Constituent          
                      b. Surface structure         
                      c. Alternant          
                      d. Binding

38.   Morphologically English has two tenses only. They are the :
                      a.  Present and past      
                      b. Past and non-past   
                      c. Present and perfect    
                      d. Present and progressive

39.   According to Grim ------------- in Indo-European was changed to ------------- in Germanic language.
                      a.  p / k to f / h           
                      b. p / b to f / c       
                      c. p / t to p / d        
                      d. t / k to d / g

40.  The distinction between ‘literary’ and ‘non-literary’ texts is obliterated in the critical practice of the following theoretical criticism.
                      a.  Historicism           
                      b. Post-colonial discourse    
                      c. New Historicism      
                      d. Stylistic criticism

41.  Thames, Avon, Dover and Wye are examples of ------------- influence on English.
                      a.  Latin                  
                      b. Greek                
                      c. Scandinavian                 
                      d. Celtic

42.   That which contributed to the evolution of Middle English was :
                      a.  The Norman conquest (1066)              
                      b. The Greek influence
                      c.  The discovery of Sanskrit                     
                      d. The diffusion of German and English

43.   Poramboke, catamaran, raja, chutney are examples of ------------- contribution to English vocabulary.
                      a.  Chinese              
                      b. Indian             
                      c. Sinhalese         
                      d. South East Asian

44.   Smoke filled the room. The passive form is :
                      a.  The room was filled with smoke           
                      b. The room was filled in smoke
                      c.  The room was filled by smoke        
                      d. The room was filled through smoke

45.   Deconstruction as a critical practice emphasizes :
                      a.  Rejection of essentialism                  
                      b. Glorification of grand narrative
                      c.  The centrality of the signified              
                      d. The primacy of the text

46.  Which of the following sentences is wrong?

a. The students together with the teacher are playing football.

b. Johnson together with the teachers is playing football.

c. Johnson together with the teachers are playing football.

d. Johnson together with Jose is playing football.

47.  Spot out the right sentence :
                      a.  It has been raining since two hours.                
                      b. It has been raining for two hours.
                      c.  It is raining since two hours.                       
                      d. It is raining for two hours.

48.  The phrasal verb ‘to put up with’ means :
                      a.  To tolerate                      
                      b. To show a particular level of skill
                      c.  To provide food and accommodation to somebody in one’s house
                      d.  To offer oneself as a candidate.

49.  Identify the right idiomatic usage :

a. My father finds it very difficult to make both ends meet.

b. My father finds it very difficult to make both his ends meet.

c. My father finds it very difficult to make both the ends meet.

d. My father finds it very difficult to make both of the ends meet.

50.  To Aristotle ‘catharsis’ means :
                      a.  Fall from high estate in life               
                      b. Purgation of the emotions
                      c.  To correct manners                      
                      d. To refine the conduct

51.  Homophones are pairs of words :

a. With same pronunciation but different meaning

b. Different pronunciation with same meaning

c. Different spelling with same meaning

d. Different meaning with same spelling

52.  ‘He runs a shop’. In this sentence the verb ‘runs’ is used as :
                      a.  Transitive verb             
                      b. Intransitive verb      
                      c. Linking verb       
                      d. Irregular verb

53.  Which of the following ‘italicized adjectival usage’ is correct?
                      a.  He is suffering from a runny nose.            
                      b. He is suffering from a runney nose.
                      c.  He is suffering from a runnying nose.                
                      d. He is suffering from a runningly nose.

54. ........... coined the term "The Great Vowel Shift."
                      a. Otto Jesperson 
                      b. Thomas Pyles 
                      c. David Crystal 
                      d. Richard Watson

55.  By the term ‘dissociation of sensibility’ Eliot meant :
                      a.  The unification of thought and feeling      
                      b. The unification of thought and intellect
                      c.  The unification of intellect and reason          
                      d. The unification of emotions and feelings

56. The 'o' in the word 'out' is ............
                      a. a long vowel 
                      b. a short vowel 
                      c. a diphthong 
                      d. silent

57. Which grammatical item is NOT used in the sentence? "I took my big black dog to the vet yesterday."
                      a. Adverb 
                      b. Adjective 
                      c. Preposition 
                      d. Conjunction

58. Identify the 'æ' sound in one of the following words : 
                      a. Face 
                      b. Base 
                      c. Hand 
                      d. Apple

59. They have a lot of ............ with the new project.
                      a. Chicken feel 
                      b. Teething troubles 
                      c. Cutting side 
                      d. Playing edge

60. 'The Death of the Author' is an essay by ............
                      a. Barthes 
                      b. Freud 
                      c. Bloom 
                      d. Derrida

61. The sound 'ɔɪ' is found in one of the following words :  
                      a. Naughty 
                      b. Should 
                      c. House 
                      d. Annoy

62. Inflectional morphemes can be .............. 
                      a. Infixes only 
                      b. Prefixes and suffixes 
                      c. Suffixes only 
                      d. Prefixes only

63. How many syllables does the word 'examination' contain?
                      a. 2 
                      b. 3 
                      c. 5 
                      d. 4

64. The study of the structure of words is called ................
                      a. Syntax 
                      b. Semantics 
                      c. Phonology 
                      d. Morphology

65. 'Orientalism' is associated with .........
                      a. Edward Said 
                      b. T.S. Eliot 
                      c. Homi K. Bhabha 
                      d. Jacques Derrida

66. Which of the following is NOT an irregular verb?
                      a. sing 
                      b. laugh 
                      c. swim 
                      d. sit

67. AIR is a/an ............ for All India Radio.
                      a. Acronym 
                      b. Portmanteau 
                      c. Neologism 
                      d. Clipping

68. Homonym means ............
                      a. Same word, different meaning 
                      b. Same word, same meaning 
                      c. Different word, different meaning 
                      d. Different word, same meaning

69. Reaction is a word that contains ..............
                      a. Bound morpheme + free morpheme 
                      b. Free + bound morpheme + free 
                      c. Bound + free morpheme + bound 
                      d. Free + bound morpheme + bound

70. .............. is not connected with Postcolonialism.
                      a. Ashcroft 
                      b. Tiffin 
                      c. Leela Gandhi 
                      d. Leavis

71. In which language family is the origin of English Language?
                      a. Latin 
                      b. North American 
                      c. French 
                      d. Indo-European

72. What is Old-English also known as?
                      a. King's English 
                      b. Anglo-Saxon 
                      c. Celtic 
                      d. Indo-European

73. TG Grammar is based on the findings of .........
                      a. Bloomfield 
                      b. Sapir 
                      c. Chomsky 
                      d. Nordquist

74. 'A whale of a time' means .............
                      a. Have a great time and enjoy oneself 
                      b. Have a bad time with misfortunes 
                      c. Have a busy time and with responsibilities 
                      d. Have a lot of time and waste it

75. Harold Bloom put forth the theory ........ based on Oedipus Complex.
                      a. Diachronic Approach 
                      b. The Anxiety of Influence 
                      c. Diegesis 
                      d. Hermeneutics

76. The Manager is extremely efficient but the corruption of his employees is his :
                      a. Champ at the bit 
                      b. Achilles heel 
                      c. Tooth and nail 
                      d. Fairplay

77. What is the synonym for the word 'warily'?
                      a. Recklessly 
                      b. Incautiously 
                      c. Gingerly 
                      d. Heedlessly

78. Which is NOT the antonym of the word 'fortitude'?
                      a. Faintheartedness 
                      b. Mettle 
                      c. Fearfulness 
                      d. Cowardice

79. Who said that "language is primarily an auditory system of symbols"?
                      a. Franz Boas 
                      b. Edward Sapir  
                      c. Noam Chomsky 
                      d. Ferdinand de Saussure

80. .............. might be described as a moral or philosophical critic who argues that works must have "high seriousness".
                      a. Eliot 
                      b. Derrida 
                      c. Arnold 
                      d. C.S. Lewis

81.   Identify the velar plosive consonants :
                      a.  / f, v /              
                      b. / k, g /             
                      c. / t, dʒ /       
                      d. / s, z /

82.   Normally if a word begins with a schwa (ə ) sound, the stress falls on the --------
                      a.  last syllable          
                      b. last but one syllable
                      c. second syllable      
                      d. first syllable

83.   The tense formation in the following words is realized by -------- respectively?  
        pick-ed, kill-ed, fit-ted
                      a.  / d, t, id /         
                      b. / id, t, d /          
                      c. / t, id, d /      
                      d. / t, d, id /

84.   Identify the book by Bloomfield that revolutionized the modern language study :
                      a.  Language    
                      b. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax  
                      c. Syntactic Structures      
                      d. The Word

85. Structuralist literary theory is based on the lingustic theory of ..........
                      a. Bloomfield 
                      b. Saussure 
                      c. Lacan  
                      d. Chomsky

86.   What is Umlaut?

a. A consonant - change brought about by a consonant

b. A consonant - change brought about by a vowel

c. A vowel - change brought about by a vowel or semi-vowel

d. A vowel - change brought about by a consonant

87.   Affixes are -------
                      a.  prefix, suffix, infix     
                      b. prefix and suffix  
                      c. suffix and infix   
                      d. prefix and infix

88.   Linguistics is the :
                      a.  detailed study of morphology                       
                      b. in-depth study of syntax and grammar
                      c.  study of phonetics, phonology and morpho-phonemics    
                      d. scientific study of language

89.   One who is proficient in many languages is called a :
                      a.  para-lingual         
                      b. multilingual          
                      c. polyglot               
                      d. linguist

90. Who introduced the term "Objective Correlative" in formalist criticism?
                      a. T.S. Eliot 
                      b. Arnold 
                      c. Virginia Woolf 
                      d. C.S. Lewis

91.  Which of the following is NOT a minimal pair?
                      a.  Lit/Lot             
                      b. Pin/Bin          
                      c. Pit/Pick         
                      d. Raise/Rice

92.   Which of the following sentences is an example for structural ambiguity?
                      a.  He ate a tiger.             
                      b. Visiting relatives can be a nuisance.
                      c.  Two and two make four.         
                      d. Seeing is believing.

93.   Mutton, pork, venison are examples of -------- contribution to English vocabulary.
                      a.  Celtic               
                      b. German           
                      c. Scandinavian        
                      d. French

94.  Which of the following is wrong?
                      a.  I am writing to give you information and advice.           
                      b. I gave the money to him.
                      c.  I sent an e-mail to her.            
                      d. I am writing to give information and advice.

95. Which critic would most likely be concerned with the structures and patterns modelled on the seasons and on mythic categories?
                      a. T.S. Eliot 
                      b. Matthew Arnold 
                      c. Derrida 
                      d. Northorp Frye

96.  Identify the right sentence :

a. How can we get them to changing their minds?

b. How can we get them change their minds?

c. How can we get them to change their minds?

d. How can we get them changing their minds?

97.   A word having the same sound and perhaps the same spelling as another, but a different meaning and origin is called a :
                      a.  homonym          
                      b. homophone         
                      c. antonym           
                      d. synonym

98.   In the sentence ‘He goes home’, home is used as -------
                      a.  noun            
                      b. adjective          
                      c. adverb            
                      d. compliment

99.   The phrasal verb ‘to get one’s own back [on sb]’ means --------
                      a.  evade        
                      b. have one’s revenge 
                      c. obtain some result        
                      d. manage to leave

100. ............ is Virginia Woolf's contribution to feminist criticism.
             a. The Voyage Out 
             b. A Room of One's Own 
             c. Between the Acts 
             d. The Common Reader

101. How many diphthongs are there in English Phonetic Alphabet?
             a.  44             
             b. 26             
             c. 8                   
             d. 24

102. Match the following :

                 i.          Intrusion                     -              (a)A sound is affected by a nearby sound making it sound identical to it

                ii.          Assimilation               -              (b)Certain sounds are dropped to maintain a fluent rhythm

               iii.          Catenation                 -              (c)Unwritten sounds appear within or between words

               iv.          Elision                         -              (d)Words are spoken together as if they were one

                   a. (i)-d,(ii)-a,(iii)-b,(iv)-c          

                     b. (i)-c,(ii)-a,(iii)-d,(iv)-b        

                     c. (i)-c,(ii)-d,(iii)-b,(iv)-a                    

                     d. (i)-d,(ii)-c,(iii)-a,(iv)-b

103. Match the following :

                 i.          Onset                           -              (a)nucleus + coda

                ii.          Rhyme                         -              (b)the essential part of a syllable

               iii.          Nucleus                       -              (c)consonant sound of a syllable

               iv.          Coda                            -              (d)the beginning sound of the syllable

                   a. (i)-d,(ii)-a,(iii)-b,(iv)-c          

                     b. (i)-c,(ii)-a,(iii)-d,(iv)-b           

                     c. (i)-c,(ii)-d,(iii)-b,(iv)-a                     

                     d. (i)-d,(ii)-c,(iii)-a,(iv)-b

104. When one sound is given by two consonants, it is called :
             a.  Vowel sound       
             b. Consonant sound           
             c. Single sound       
             d. Consonant cluster

105. Who defined poetry as ‘the criticism of life’?
             a.  S.T. Coleridge       
             b. Walter Pater             
             c. P.B. Shelley         
             d. Matthew Arnold

106. Which one of the following is true?
             a.  Grimm's Law is a statement of the relationship between certain consonants in Germanic languages and their originals in Indo-European.       
             b. The basic principle of Grimm's Law was discoved by Danish scholar Rasmus Rask.              
             c. Grimm's Law  is also known as Germanic Consonant Shift.         
             d. All of them

107. Layamon’s Brut is a/an …………. Literature.
            a.  Old English          
            b. Middle English      
            c. Early Modern             
            d. Modern

108. Words like Pork, Poultry, Mutton, Beef, Forest, Liberty …etc. are of …….. orgin.
            a.  German            
            b. Latin             
            c. French            
            d. Italian

109. Which among the following is the court language in India?
            a.  Hindi            
            b. Sanskrit         
            c. English          
            d. An regional language

110. ‘Objective Correlative’ is used by Eliot to explain how :

a. feelings and emotions should not be separated in poetry.

b. the poet should depersonalize his creation.

c. the writer succeeds in evoking the right emotions in the reader/spectator.

d. to trigger objective thinking in the reader.

111. Match the following :

                           i.          Jean Piaget                        -              (a) ‘Process of Education’

                          ii.          Lev Vygotsky                     -              (b)’Verbal Behaviour’

                         iii.          Jerome Bruner                  -              (c) genetic epistemology

                         iv.          B.F. Skinner                        -              (d) psychology of superman

                  a. (i)-b, (ii)-d, (iii)-a, (iv)-c       

                b. (i)-c, (ii)-d, (iii)-a, (iv)-b  

                c. (i)-b, (ii)-a, (iii)-d, (iv)-c

                d. (i)-d, (ii)-b, (iii)-a, (iv)-c

112. Match the following :

                           i.          ESP                                       -              (a)English for Academic Purposes

                          ii.          EAP                                      -              (b)English for Science and Technology

                         iii.          EOP                                      -              (c)English for Special Purposes

                         iv.          EST                                       -              (d)English for Occupation Purposes

                   a.  (i)-c, (ii)-a, (iii)-d, (iv)-b         

                 b. (i)-d, (ii)-a, (iii)-b, (iv)-c    

                 c. (i)-b, (ii)-c, (iii)-d, (iv)-a

                 d. (i)-b, (ii)-d, (iii)-a, (iv)-c

113. Which among the following statement is NOT true :

a. The Educational Despatch of 1854; also called Wood’s dispatch; is considered as the Magna Carta of Indian Education.

b. Wood suggested that primary schools must adopt vernacular languages, high schools must adopt Anglo vernacular language and on college level English medium for education.

c.  Wood recommended encouraging the regional languages instead of classical languages like Sanskrit.

d. Wood was against vocational and women’s education.

114. After independence, although English was not an Indian language, it was accorded the status of an :
            a.  Additional language                                      
            b. Ancilliary language
            c.  Associate language                           
            d. Administrative language

115. The author of Nation and Narration is :
            a.  Homi Bhabha          
            b. Edward Said        
            c. Franz Fanon      
            d. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak

116. Inter-textuality is a term which suggests that :

a. an author’s intention is impossible to decide

b. textual meaning cannot be fixed

c. a text’s meaning is related to the meanings of other texts

d. reading of a text requires making assumptions about the author

117. Which among the following is NOT true about Silent Way of language teaching?

a. Evaluation is carried out by formal tests.

b. Translation and rote repetition are avoided.

c.  The teacher uses a mixture of silence and gestures to focus students' attention.

d. Pronunciation is seen as fundamental to the method.

118. Which among the following is NOT an audio-visual teaching aid?
            a. Virtual Classroom         
             b. Slide Projector       
             c. Computer           
             d. VCD Player

119. CALL is :

a. Computer Assisted Language Learning

b. Creative Arts and Language Learning

c.  Collaborative Activated Language Learners

d. Class Activity of Language Learners

120. Education is a powerful instrument of :
            a.  Social transformation     
             b. Personal Transformation  
             c. Cultural Transformation
             d. All of them